1) Albert Einstein - Albert Einstein is a name that  comes to mind first when thinking of geniuses.  Einstein’s brain was  found to be deficient in certain parts, but extraordinarily powerful in  others.  Another trait of Albert’s brain was the fact that he had a much  larger corpus callosum than the average man.  The corpus callosum  connects the right and left hemispheres and allows them to successfully  transfer information back and forth (communicate with one another).   Einstein has received the Nobel Prize in physics, was named “Person Of  The Century” by Time Magazine, and has contributed phenomenal theories  to the world of science (i.e. theory of relativity, unique field theory,  etc).
2) Leonardo Da Vinci - Leonardo Da Vinci is  considered one of the best painters of all time and possibly the most  multi-talented man to have ever lived!  Two of his works include: The  Last Super & The Mona Lisa.  Da Vinci was truly ahead of his time  with ideas such as: a helicopter, a tank, solar power, a calculator, and  a theory of plate tectonics.  Leonardo was a unique individual who  exercised the curiosity of his 
powerful brain.
3) Nikola Tesla- Tesla was a  renowned physicist, inventor, and engineer.  He has made phenomenal  contributions to science and has been classified as the “world’s  greatest electrical engineer.”  Nikola engaged in studying many works,  memorizing complete books, and supposedly had a photographic memory.   Tesla had above average 
brain power and was an advanced thinker when compared to others of his time.
4) Sir Isaac Newton - Sir Isaac  Newton was an astronomer astronomer, physicist, inventor, mathematician,  and philosopher.  In a 2005 poll, Newton was named more influential  than Einstein in science.  He has developed laws of motion, principles  of momentum, and invented the reflecting telescope.  Newton has had tons  of great scientific achievements.  His diverse list of scientific and  mathematic accomplishments demonstrate the incredible ability of his  brain.
5) Stephen Hawking - Hawking is known best for his  theories of black holes, cosmology, and quantum gravity.  He has also  written several bestselling books such as: “A Brief History Of Time” and  “The Universe In A Nutshell.”  Though Stephen is currently bound to a  wheelchair due to paralysis from Lou Gehrig’s disease (ALS).  Hawking  has been recognized as a revolutionary thinker and one who displays  above average intelligence.
6) Michelangelo - Michelangelo was a  phenomenal painter, sculptor, architect, and poet.  His diverse  interest in art and the world really showed.  He sculpted the Pieta and  the David before he was 30 years old!  He painted the Sistine Chapel and  worked on the dome of St. Peter’s Basilica.  Michelangelo was a genius  that was able to bring an entirely new artistic perspective from his  mind to reality.
7) Archimedes - Archimedes was a Greek philosopher,  engineer, inventor and astronomer.  He is also considered one of the  greatest mathematicians of all time.  Though there isn’t a ton of  documented information regarding his personal life, we do know that he  has had a large impact on science and physics.  Archimedes’ thoughts  were clearly ahead of his time: not many would disagree that he was a  genius.
8) Warren Buffet – Though Warren Buffet isn’t a big  contributor to science like many other names listed, he does have a ton  of knowledge about making money through investing.  He is a known  philanthropist (someone who donates their time & money for  charitable causes) and Time Magazine has regarded Buffet as one of the  Top 100 Most Influential People in the world.  He was also ranked by  Forbes in 2008 as the richest person in the world.  His company  [Berkshire Hathaway] has an estimated net worth of $62 billion dollars.   Warren is a very intelligent man and a financial genius.
9) Swami Vivekananda - In the Eastern world, Swami  Vivekananda is regarded as a genius by many.  He was one of the most  influential and spiritual leaders ever and was a highly-renowned  thinker.  Because of his insight and unique philosophy that he had  contributed to eastern religions, his knowledge and intellect will  continue to be admired.
10) Samuel Johnson - Samuel Johnson is regarded as  one of the biggest literary influences of all time.  He was a  biographer, critic, and essayist.  Johnson is the highest quoted author  since William Shakespeare and was one of the most influential people in  the 18th century.  The man invented and compiled terms for what many  consider the first official dictionary.
11) Immanuel Kant - Immanuel Kant was an  18th-century philosopher from Russia.  He has been considered one of the  most influential thinkers of all time in Europe.  Kant brought forth a  unique theory of perception and thought deeply about life.  Many regard  Kant as a genius of his time.
12) Aristotle - Aristotle was a Greek philosopher,  student of Plato and one who taught Alexander the Great.  Aristotle  became a great writer and is regarded as one of the most important and  influential figures towards shaping Western philosophy.  His works were  the first to ever study “logic” and he had a profound influence on  others during his time.
13) Pablo Picasso - Though Picasso may not have been  an amazing scientist, his revolutionary mind forever changed the way  people looked at art.  He was a master drawer, painter, and sculptor.   He founded “cubism” – an art style which became a huge movement in the  20th century.  Pablo Picasso’s unique perception, which he expressed  through his art, caused many people to view reality from a different  perspective.
14) Niles Bohr - Niels Bohr was a phenomenal  physicist and a highly advanced thinker.  He invented the Bohr Model  which is regarded as a huge contribution to atomic physics.  Bohr was  heavily involved with post World War II scientific issues and carried a  great head on his shoulders.
15) Thomas Jefferson - Thomas Jefferson was a very  brilliant individual.  He was the 3rd president of the United States,  wrote The Declaration Of Independence, and was the most influential  Founding Father for the U.S.  He influenced the republican party and was  a horticulturist, statesman, architect, author and inventor.  Jefferson  was the founder of the University of Virginia and understood that  slavery was unethical in a time when most everyone else thought it was  proper.  Thomas Jefferson was definitely had an exceptional brain.
16) Plato - Plato was a Greek philosopher that was taught by Socrates, but 
taught Aristotle.   Along with Socrates and Aristotle, Plato helped lay the groundwork for  Western philosophy.  He was known to be a mathematician, great writer,  and founded “the Academy” or “institute of higher education and  learning,” in Athens.  His works in philosophy, logic, and mathematics,  were studied and used by many teachers after his time.  Not only was  Plato a revolutionary thinker, he was a genius of his time.
17) Winston Churchill – Winston Churchill was a  rightfully famous British politician during World War II.  He is  well-known for his abilities as a great leader, speaker, officer in the  British Army, a historical writer, and an artist.  Churchill became a  hero of his time and is considered one of the most intelligent men of  his time.
18) Benjamin Franklin - Benjamin Franklin was one of  the Founding Fathers of the U.S., an author, and a printer.  He was  also a great politician, inventor, and scientist.  Benjamin Franklin’s  scientific contributions have shaped physics and the field of  electricity.  He invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin  stove, the odometer, and the glass harmonica.  Franklin created the  first public lending library in the United States and first fire  department in the city of Pennsylvania.  Ben Franklin was a true genius  of his time.
19) Thomas Edison – Thomas Edison was a great  inventor and businessman who created many appliances that have had  profound influence on life around the world.  A couple of his inventions  are:  the phonograph and a long lasting light bulb.  Jefferson was also  one of the first inventors to apply the idea of “mass production” to  the invention process.  Many give Jefferson credit with creating the  first ever industrial research lab.  He is considered one of the most  gifted inventors ever and holds over 1,000 United States patents.   Edison truly added his touch of genius to the scientific community.
20) Daniel Tammet - Daniel Tammet is a  high-functioning autistic savant.  He has been gifted with a knack for  mathematics, language learning, and above average memorization skills.   He was featured on a discovery channel special that tested his abilities  and showed his ability to learn arguably the toughest language,  Icelandic, in less than 7 days to appear in an interview.  Daniel has an  incredible brain and was gifted with an above-average intellect.
21) William Shakespeare - William Shakespeare was a  poet, playwright, and has been hailed “the greatest writer” in the  English language and the worlds best dramatist.  He has been deemed the  national poet of England and his works include: nearly 40 plays, around  150 sonnets, and 2 long poems.  Shakespeare’s plays have been translated  into every language, and are performed more often than any other  playwright.  Shakespeare shed his genius-like thoughts through his  complex storytelling.
22) Kim Peek - Though Kim Peek is a  savant, he has some exceptional brain abilities. He is lacking a  functional corpus callosum (which makes it impossible for his right and  left brain hemispheres to exchange information) and has a damaged  cerebellum.  Without a corpus callosum, some develop above average  memory abilities.  In Kim Peek’s case, he can read a new book in about 1  hour and manages to retain over 98% of the information within the book!  Impressive.
23) Ludwig van Beethoven - Beethoven was a German  pianist and legendary musician. He was very influential in Western  classical music and is thought of as the best composer of all time.   Though Beethoven’s hearing began to  cease in his early twenties, he was  still able to create classical masterpieces.  He was able to conduct,  compose, and perform music even after he was completely deaf!  Beethoven  blessed the world with his musical genius and brilliant mind.
24) Srinivasa Ramanujan - Srinivasa was an Indian  mathematician who was able to make huge contributions in the area of  mathematical analysis and number theory.  Srinivasa demonstrated an  uncanny, natural ability to master mathematics.  He had a complete math  book mastered by 13, and even discovered theorems of his own. He won  many awards by showing others his superior mathematical ability at his  school.  By age 17, this mathematical prodigy was doing his own research  with mathematics and numbers.  He compiled nearly 4,000 equations and  identities in his short lifetime.
25) Johann Sebastian Bach - Bach was an exceptional  composer and organist.  He specialized in choir, orchestra, and solo  instruments.  He was able to enrich the German composing style with a  full harmonic scale and was able to adapt rhythms from Italy and France.   Though his music began early in the 19th century, he is now noted as  one of the greatest composers in the Western tradition.  Bach was yet  another musical genius.
26) Wolfgang Amedeus Mozart -  Mozart was a very influential composer during the classical era.  He was  able to create over 600 compositions that were widely accepted and  acknowledged.  His music specialties included symphony, chamber music,  piano, opera, and choral music.  Mozart is among the most popular of  classical composers, and many of his works are still included in  concerts today.  Mozart clearly demonstrated his musical proficiency and  level of genius.
27) Sir Francis Drake - Drake was a  famous traveler, navigator, and politician from England.  He managed to  circumnavigate the world in 1577 and has been proclaimed a legend in  England.  Drake was an exceptionally smart individual and had an  estimated I.Q. of 130.  Sir Francis was a powerful man that happened to  have an incredibly powerful brain.
28) George Berkeley - George Berkeley was an Irish  philosopher and developed a famous theory of “immaterialism.”  Berkeley  also published a book called “The Analyst” that would critique calculus  and influence common day mathematics.  University Of California,  Berkeley was named after George due to his intelligence and  philosophical insight.
29) Ludwig Wittgenstein -  Ludwig  was an Austrian philosopher that developed theories involving logic.  He  contributed to the philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of language,  and philosophy of the mind.  He has had a huge influence on philosophy  and is widely accepted as one of the twentieth century’s best  philosophers.  Wittengenstein published 2 books and both were highly influential in philosophy.
30) Socrates -  Socrates is regarded as one of the best ancient greek philosophers of  all time.  As teacher of Plato, he has been associated with highly  advanced thinking during his time.  His work continues to form much of  the foundation for the study of philosophy today.  Socrates has made  important contributions to the study of logic and writings, and has  provided a lot of groundwork that much of the Western civilization has  followed.
31) Linus Pauling – Linus Pauling  was a peace activist, scientist, author, and teacher.  Pauling is  regarded as one of the most influential chemists in history and was one  of the most important scientists of all time.  He was one of the  pioneers to work in the study of molecular biology and quantum  chemistry.  He has been awarded more than 1 Nobel Prize and is one of  only 2 individuals to receive them for different fields.
32) Christopher Michael Langan -  Christopher Langan is an American with an IQ was reported by “20/20″ and  other media sources to have been measured at nearly 200.  Though he used to work as a bouncer in Long Island, he rose to fame as “the smartest man in America” in 1999.   Langan has developed “a theory of the relationship between mind and  reality” which he calls the “Cognitive-Theoretic Model of the Universe  and is still alive today.  This man has one of the highest I.Q.’s ever  on Earth.
33) Michael Faraday - Michael  Faraday was a phenomenal chemist and physicist who contributed to the  fields of electrochemistry and electromagnetics.  His inventions of  electromagnetic devices formed the foundation of electric motor  technology, and it was largely due to his efforts that electricity  became available for use in technology.  Faraday was also the very first Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution of Great Britain.
34) Blaise Pascal – Blaise Pascal was a French  physicist, religious philosopher, and great mathematician.  Pascal was a  child prodigy and was taught a lot by his father.  Pascal’s  contributions included: mechanical calculators, concepts of pressure,  concepts of vacuum, and the study of fluids.  In literature, Pascal is  regarded as one of the most important authors of the French classical  period.  His name (Pascal) has been given to the SI unit of pressure,  some programming language, and Pascal’s law.
35) Galileo Galilei - Galileo  Galilei was a legendery astronomer, physicist, mathematician, and  philosopher.  He played a major role in the scientific revolution. His  achievements include the first studies of uniformly accelerated motion,  improvements to the telescope, and astronomical observations. Galileo  has been called the “father of modern observational astronomy”, the  “father of modern physics”, the “father of science”, and “the Father of  Modern Science.”  With his discoveries and studies, Galileo was able to  display his brilliance.
36) Martin Luther - Martin Luther was a German professor, a monk, theologian, and church reformer.  Luther’s  theology challenged the authority of the church by stating that the  Bible is the only infallible source of religious authority and that all  baptized Christians are a priesthood of believers.  According  to Luther, salvation was attainable only by true repentance and faith  in “Jesus as the Messiah.” His revolutionary ideas inspired the  Protestant Reformation and changed the philosophy of Western  civilization.
37) Robert Boyle - Was a natural  philosopher, chemist, physicist, inventor, and early gentleman  scientist.  Boyle was largely known for his works in physics and  chemistry.  He is best known for the creation of “Boyle’s law.”  Boyle  is recognized today as one of the first modern chemists and one of the  founding fathers of chemistry.  One of his works, “The Sceptical  Chymist” is viewed as a legendary book in the field of chemistry.
38) John Locke - John Locke was a  phenomenal English philosopher.  Locke’s ideas had a huge influence on  the development of political philosophy and he is considered one of the  most influential thinkers during the Enlightenment and one of the  biggest contibutors to liberal theory.  Locke’s influence is reflected  in the American Declaration of Independence.  Locke was the first  philosopher to define the self through a continuity of “consciousness.”   John Locke was an independent thinker and among the greatest  philosophers.
39) Charles Darwin - Charles Darwin was a naturalist and geologist who proposed that all species of life have evolved over time.  The fact that evolution occurs became accepted by the scientific community and the general public.  Darwin’s  scientific discovery remains the foundation of biology.  Darwin is yet  another great thinker of his time and his theories are still studied and  discussed today.
40) Johannes Kepler - Kepler was a  German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer.  He was a huge  influence towards the astronomical revolution of the 17th century.   Kepler is best known for his laws of planetary motion.  His  laws also provided one of the foundations for Isaac Newton’s theory of  universal gravitation.  Kepler is regarded as a man with revolutionary  thoughts towards astronomy.
41) Napoleon Bonaparte - Napoleon  Bonaparte was a political and French military leader who had a huge  influence on European history. Napoleon was a general during the French  Revolution, Emperor of France, King of Italy, and Mediator of the Swiss.   Napoleon was a very intelligent military leader who used innovative  tactics and strategy to help him win many battles.
42) Garry Kasparov – Garry  Kasparov was a former World Chess Champion, writer, and political  activist.  Kasparov was a candidate for the Russian presidential race of  2008.  Kasparov holds the all-time highest chess rating of 2851 and records for consecutive tournament victories.
43) John Stuart Mill – John Stuart  Mill largely influenced British thought and politics in the 19th  century.  His large number of works include: texts in logic, economics,  social and political philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, and religion.   John Stuart Mill is recognized as one of the most intelligent men of his  time and is regarded as one of the smartest men of all time.
44) Rene Descartes - Rene  Descartes was an influential philosopher, mathematician, scientist, and  writer.  Descartes has been given the title “Father of Modern  Philosophy,” and has contributed a lot to Western philosophy.  His  writings are still being studied today and he has had a huge influence  in mathematics.  Rene was a key figure in the scientific revolution and  was able to share his incredible insights with others.
45) George Washington - George  Washington was the first President of the United States,  and lead the  U.S. continental Army to defeat the British in the Revolutionary war.   Washington is viewed as a symbol of the United States and republican  party.  He has been consistently ranked by citizens as one of the  greatest presidents of the United States.
 46) Miguel de Cervantes – Miguel  de Cervantes was a Spanish novelist, poet, painter and playwright.  He  is one of the most influential and important people in literature and  the leader of culture  in 16th century Spain.  Cervantes’ novel “Don Quixote” is considered a  classic of Western literature and has been ranked among the best novels  ever written.  Miguel de Cervantes’ work is considered among the most  important in all of literature!
47) Francois Marie-Arouet –   Commonly known by the pen-name Voltaire, Francois Marie-Arouet was a  French Enlightenment writer, essayist, and philosopher.  He was known  for his wit, defense of civil liberties, and philosophy.  He was an  outspoken supporter of social reform and was one of several  Enlightenment figures whose works and ideas influenced important  thinkers of both the American and French Revolutions.
48) Baruch de Spinoza - Baruch de  Spinoza was a Dutch philosopher that was very proficient in science.   Most of Spinoza’s work was not recognized until after his death.  Today,  Spinoza is regarded as one of the greatest 17th century philosophers.   His work in philosophy laid the foundation for the 18th century  Enlightenment.
49) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz - Leibniz was a German polymath who is regarded as one of the greatest philosophers.  Liebniz invented calculus, and his version is widely used.  He also discovered the binary system, the structure of modern computer architectures.  He was, along with Rene Descartes and Baruch Spinoza, one of the 3 greatest 17th century philosophers.  He  also made major contributions to physics, technology, and made  anticipations that surfaced much later in biology, medicine, geology,  probability theory, psychology, and linguistics.  Liebniz also wrote  about politics, law, ethics, theology, and history.
50) Johann Wolfgang von Goethe -   Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer whose works span the  fields of poetry, drama, literature, theology, humanism, and science.  Goethe was a key figure in German literature and the movement of Weimar Classicism in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.  Goethe is the inventor of the concept of “world literature,” having taken great interest in the literatures of England, France, Italy, classical Greece, Persia,  and Arabic literature. His influence on German philosophy is  unparalleled and his influence has spread across Europe.  Many of his  works were a primary source of inspiration in music, drama, and poetry.   Goethe is considered one of the most important thinkers in the Western  culture and generally recognized as the most important writer in the  German language.